Full form of FIR is FIRST INFORMATION REPORT
An FIR is a document prepared by the police official when they receive information about a crime or offense that has been committed, and after receiving the information recorded the same first time, and hence it is called FIRST INROMATION REPORT.
FIR is a document where all the information about the commission of a crime is mentioned, and it is the first step of Criminal Procedure that leads to the trial and punishment of a criminal
After the registration of an FIR, the police official starts investigation of the crime to collect the evidences.
Information for commission of an offense for recording an FIR can be given orally or in written form.
Section 154 of the Criminal Procedure Code defines the FIR as follows:
➤Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offense ( Offenses where the police is permitted to arrest the accused without a warrant), if given orally to an officer in charge of a police station, shall be reduced to writing by him or under his direction , and be read over to the informant and
➤Every such information, whether given in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be signed by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may prescribe in on this behalf.
➤After entering the information in the printed form it shall be registered First Information Report (FIR) under appropriate sections of law.
➤A copy of the
FIR after registration shall be given to the informant free of cost.
Further, if an offense under section 326A, 326B, 354, 354A, 354B, 354C, 354D, 376, 376A, 376B, 376C, 376D, 376E or 509 of the Indian Penal Code, has been alleged to have committed against a woman, and the said woman herself is the informant in the case, such information is to be recorded by a female police officer.
Supreme Court of India, in the matter of Lalita Kumari Versus Government of U.P, AIR 2012 SC 1515, held that it is mandatory to register an FIR under Section 154, if the compliant is related to a cognizable offence.
Who can lodge a FIR ?
FIR can be filed by:
👉The aggrieved person or somebody on his/her behalf
👉Any person who has information of the offense
👉An eye witness of the offense
👉By the Accused himself
👉Any police officer can lodge an FIR on his/her own if they come to know about the Commission of any cognizable offense.
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