The full form of FIR is “FIRST INFORMATION REPORT”, and it is a very important document as it speeds up the process of Criminal justice.
An
FIR is a document prepared by the police official when they receive information
about a crime or offense that has been committed, and after receiving the
information recorded the same first time, and hence it is called FIRST
INROMATION REPORT.
FIR
is a document where all the information about the commission of a crime is
mentioned, and it is the first step of Criminal Procedure that leads to the
trial and punishment of a criminal
After
the registration of an FIR, the police official starts investigation of the
crime to collect the evidences.
Information
for commission of an offense for recording an FIR can be given orally or in
written form.
Section
154 of the Criminal Procedure Code defines the FIR as follows:
➤Every information
relating to the commission of a cognizable offense ( Offenses where the police
is permitted to arrest the accused without a warrant), if given orally to an
officer in charge of a police station, shall be reduced to writing by him or
under his direction , and be read over to the informant and
➤Every such information, whether given
in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be signed by the person
giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book to be kept by
such officer in such form as the State Government may prescribe in on this
behalf.
➤After entering the information in the
printed form it shall be registered First Information Report (FIR) under
appropriate sections of law.
➤A copy of the FIR after registration
shall be given to the informant free of cost.
Further,
if an offense under section 326A, 326B, 354, 354A, 354B, 354C, 354D, 376, 376A,
376B, 376C, 376D, 376E or 509 of the Indian Penal Code, has been alleged to
have committed against a woman, and the said woman herself is the informant in
the case, such information is to be recorded by a female police officer.
Supreme
Court of India, in the matter of Lalita Kumari Versus Government of U.P, AIR
2012 SC 1515, held that it is mandatory to register an FIR under Section 154,
if the compliant is related to a cognizable offence.
Who can
lodge a FIR ?
FIR
can be filed by:
👉The aggrieved person
or somebody on his/her behalf
👉Any person who has
information of the offense
👉An eye witness of
the offense
👉By the Accused
himself
👉Any police officer can lodge an FIR on his/her own if they come to know about the Commission of any cognizable offense.
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